Residual Stresses in Uniaxial Cyclic Loaded Pearlitic Lamellar Graphite Iron

Residual Stresses in Uniaxial Cyclic Loaded Pearlitic Lamellar Graphite Iron

M. Lundberg, J. Saarimäki, R.L. Peng, J.J. Moverare

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Abstract. The mechanisms behind residual stress generation have been a topic of interest for quite some time since it is well-known that residual stresses can benefit the fatigue life of components. We have studied the residual stresses in lamellar graphite iron generated by fatigue damage. Cylindrical test specimens, with close to zero residual stresses of fully pearlitic lamellar graphite iron, manufactured and subjected to uniaxial load controlled cyclic loading, have been investigated. The load conditions used were: pure tension, pure compression, and alternating tension/compression over one thousand cycles. Measurements were performed using a four-circle goniometer Seifert X-ray machine equipped with a linear sensitive detector and a Cr-tube. Evaluation of the residual stresses were conducted using the sin²Ψ-method on the α-Fe {211} diffraction peak together with material removal technique to obtain depth profiles.

Keywords
Residual Stress, XRD, Lamellar Graphite Iron

Published online 12/22/2016, 6 pages
Copyright © 2016 by the author(s)
Published under license by Materials Research Forum LLC., Millersville PA, USA

Citation: M. Lundberg, J. Saarimäki, R.L. Peng, J.J. Moverare, ‘Residual Stresses in Uniaxial Cyclic Loaded Pearlitic Lamellar Graphite Iron’, Materials Research Proceedings, Vol. 2, pp 67-72, 2017

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781945291173-12

The article was published as article 12 of the book Residual Stresses 2016

Content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.

References
[1] H. Wohlfahrt, Shot peening and residual stresses, in: Sagamore Army Mater. Res. Conf. Proc., 1981: pp. 71–92.
[2] I. Nikitin, M. Besel, Correlation between residual stress and plastic strain amplitude during low cycle fatigue of mechanically surface treated austenitic stainless steel AISI 304 and ferritic-pearlitic steel SAE 1045, Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 491 (2008) 297–303.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2008.03.034
[3] M. Lundberg, M. Calmunger, R.L. Peng, In-situ SEM / EBSD Study of Deformation and Fracture Behaviour of Flake Cast Iron, in: 13th Int. Conf. Fract., 2013: pp. S12–038.
[4] W.Z. Zhuang, G.R. Halford, Investigation of residual stress relaxation under cyclic load, Int. J. Fatigue. 23, Supple (2001) 31–37.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0142-1123(01)00132-3
[5] J.D. Almer, J.B. Cohen, B. Moran, The effects of residual macrostresses and microstresses on fatigue crack initiation, Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 284 (2000) 268–279.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0921-5093(99)00779-0
[6] K. Zhan, C.H. Jiang, V. Ji, Residual Stress Relaxation of Shot Peened Deformation Surface Layer on S30432 Austenite Steel under Applied Loading, Mater. Trans. 53 (2012) 1578–1581.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.M2012111
[7] N. Jia, R.L. Peng, Y.D. Wang, G.C. Chai, S. Johansson, G. Wang, P.K. Liaw, Interactions between the phase stress and the grain-orientation-dependent stress in duplex stainless steel during deformation, Acta Mater. 54 (2006) 3907–3916.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2006.04.019
[8] M.L. Martinez-Perez, F.J. Mompean, J. Ruiz-Hervias, C.R. Borlado, J.M. Atienza, M. Garcia-Hernandez, M. Elices, J. Gil-Sevillano, R.L. Peng, T. Buslaps, Residual stress profiling in the ferrite and cementite phases of cold-drawn steel rods by synchrotron X-ray and neutron diffraction, Acta Mater. 52 (2004) 5303–5313.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2004.07.036
[9] J.J. Moverare, M. Odén, Deformation behaviour of a prestrained duplex stainless steel, Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 337 (2002) 25–38.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0921-5093(02)00022-9
[10] I.C. Noyan, J.B. Cohan, Residual stress – Measurement by Diffraction and Interpretation, 1987.
[11] P.J. Withers, H.K.D.H. Bhadeshia, Residual stress. Part 1–measurement techniques, Mater. Sci. Technol. 17 (2001) 355–365.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/026708301101509980
[12] I.C. Noyan, J.B. Cohan, Residual stress – Measurement by Diffraction and Interpretation, 1987.



Residual Stresses in Uniaxial Cyclic Loaded Pearlitic Lamellar Graphite Iron

M. Lundberg, J. Saarimäki, R.L. Peng, J.J. Moverare

download PDF

Abstract. The mechanisms behind residual stress generation have been a topic of interest for quite some time since it is well-known that residual stresses can benefit the fatigue life of components. We have studied the residual stresses in lamellar graphite iron generated by fatigue damage. Cylindrical test specimens, with close to zero residual stresses of fully pearlitic lamellar graphite iron, manufactured and subjected to uniaxial load controlled cyclic loading, have been investigated. The load conditions used were: pure tension, pure compression, and alternating tension/compression over one thousand cycles. Measurements were performed using a four-circle goniometer Seifert X-ray machine equipped with a linear sensitive detector and a Cr-tube. Evaluation of the residual stresses were conducted using the sin²-method on the -Fe {211} diffraction peak together with material removal technique to obtain depth profiles.

Keywords
Residual Stress, XRD, Lamellar Graphite Iron

Published online 12/22/2016, 6 pages
Copyright © 2016 by the author(s)
Published under license by Materials Research Forum LLC., Millersville PA, USA

Citation: M. Lundberg, J. Saarimäki, R.L. Peng, J.J. Moverare, ‘Residual Stresses in Uniaxial Cyclic Loaded Pearlitic Lamellar Graphite Iron’, Materials Research Proceedings, Vol. 2, pp 67-72, 2017

DOI: http://dx.doi.org /10.21741/9781945291173-12

The article was published as article 12 of the book Residual Stresses 2016

Content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.

References
[1] H. Wohlfahrt, Shot peening and residual stresses, in: Sagamore Army Mater. Res. Conf. Proc., 1981: pp. 71–92.
[2] I. Nikitin, M. Besel, Correlation between residual stress and plastic strain amplitude during low cycle fatigue of mechanically surface treated austenitic stainless steel AISI 304 and ferritic-pearlitic steel SAE 1045, Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 491 (2008) 297–303.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2008.03.034
[3] M. Lundberg, M. Calmunger, R.L. Peng, In-situ SEM / EBSD Study of Deformation and Fracture Behaviour of Flake Cast Iron, in: 13th Int. Conf. Fract., 2013: pp. S12–038.
[4] W.Z. Zhuang, G.R. Halford, Investigation of residual stress relaxation under cyclic load, Int. J. Fatigue. 23, Supple (2001) 31–37.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0142-1123(01)00132-3
[5] J.D. Almer, J.B. Cohen, B. Moran, The effects of residual macrostresses and microstresses on fatigue crack initiation, Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 284 (2000) 268–279.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0921-5093(99)00779-0
[6] K. Zhan, C.H. Jiang, V. Ji, Residual Stress Relaxation of Shot Peened Deformation Surface Layer on S30432 Austenite Steel under Applied Loading, Mater. Trans. 53 (2012) 1578–1581.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.M2012111
[7] N. Jia, R.L. Peng, Y.D. Wang, G.C. Chai, S. Johansson, G. Wang, P.K. Liaw, Interactions between the phase stress and the grain-orientation-dependent stress in duplex stainless steel during deformation, Acta Mater. 54 (2006) 3907–3916.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2006.04.019
[8] M.L. Martinez-Perez, F.J. Mompean, J. Ruiz-Hervias, C.R. Borlado, J.M. Atienza, M. Garcia-Hernandez, M. Elices, J. Gil-Sevillano, R.L. Peng, T. Buslaps, Residual stress profiling in the ferrite and cementite phases of cold-drawn steel rods by synchrotron X-ray and neutron diffraction, Acta Mater. 52 (2004) 5303–5313.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2004.07.036
[9] J.J. Moverare, M. Odén, Deformation behaviour of a prestrained duplex stainless steel, Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 337 (2002) 25–38.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0921-5093(02)00022-9
[10] I.C. Noyan, J.B. Cohan, Residual stress – Measurement by Diffraction and Interpretation, 1987.
[11] P.J. Withers, H.K.D.H. Bhadeshia, Residual stress. Part 1–measurement techniques, Mater. Sci. Technol. 17 (2001) 355–365.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/026708301101509980
[12] I.C. Noyan, J.B. Cohan, Residual stress – Measurement by Diffraction and Interpretation, 1987.