Two-step forging of polyimide powders into small-/medium-sized gears with and without carbon fiber reinforcement

Two-step forging of polyimide powders into small-/medium-sized gears with and without carbon fiber reinforcement

AIZAWA Tatsuhiko, MIYATA Tomohiro, ENDO Kiyoyuki

download PDF

Abstract. A green polyimide cylindrical preform with short carbon fibers was prepared for two-step forging processes. Each preform was hot-forged at 623 K above the glass transition temperature of polyimide for near-net shaping of fifteen-teeth module-1.0 gear, and sinter-forged at 673 K below its melting point for densification. SEM and X-ray computer tomography were employed to make destructive and non-destructive diagnoses on the carbon fiber orientation during hot forging. Micro-hardness testing and gear-grade balancing were utilized to evaluate the engineering durability and dimensional accuracy of sinter-forged gears.

Keywords
Polyimide Powder Feed Stock, Green Preform, Sinter-Forging, Carbon Reinforcement

Published online 4/24/2024, 10 pages
Copyright © 2024 by the author(s)
Published under license by Materials Research Forum LLC., Millersville PA, USA

Citation: AIZAWA Tatsuhiko, MIYATA Tomohiro, ENDO Kiyoyuki, Two-step forging of polyimide powders into small-/medium-sized gears with and without carbon fiber reinforcement, Materials Research Proceedings, Vol. 41, pp 2648-2657, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644903131-290

The article was published as article 290 of the book Material Forming

Content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.

References
[1] Ando, K., Future prospects and current situation of the robot reduction gear. J. Robotics 33 (5) (2015) pp. 329-333. https://doi.org/10.7210/jrsj.33.329
[2] Souza T. S. G., de Souza M. M., Savoy J., Light-weight assembled gears: A green design solution for passenger and commercial vehicles. Gear Tech. 5 (2013) pp. 64-71.
[3] Z. Liu, Z. You, Z. Wang, Lightweight design of multistage gear reducer based on continuous variables and discrete neighborhood. Proc. ICMD 2017 (2017) 379-387. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6553-8_26
[4] Politis D. J., Politis N. J., Lin J., Review of recent developments in manufacturing lightweight multi-metal gears. Production Eng. 15 (2021) pp. 235–262. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11740-020-01011-5
[5] Tatsuno D., Yoneyama T., Kuga M., Honda Y., Akaishi Y., Hashimoto H., Fiber deformation behavior of discontinuous CFRTP in gear forging. Int. J. Material Forming14 (2021) pp. 947-960. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12289-021-01611-1
[6] Tatsuno D., Masukawa H., Forming of CFTRP screw. Proc. JSTP (November 17th, 2023) pp. 315-316.
[7] More C. V., Alsayed Z., Badawi M. S., Thabet A., Pawar P. P., Polymetric composite materials for radiation shielding: a review. Environmental Chemistry Letters 2021, 19, 2057-2090. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-021-01189-9
[8] Park S-A., Jeon H., Kim H., Shin S-H., Choy S., Hwang D. D., Koo J. M., Jegal J., Hwang S. Y., Park J., Oh D. X., Sustainable and recyclable super engineering thermoplastic from biorenewable monomer. Nature Communications. 2919, 10, 2601. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-10582-6
[9] Aizawa, T, Miyata T., K. Endo, Two-step PM forging for precise fabrication of carbon fiber reinforced engineering plastic gears. Mater. Res. Proc. 28 (2023) pp. 1799-1808. https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644902479-195
[10] Aizawa, T., Miyata, T., Endo, K., Fine sinter-forging of miniature super-engineering plastic gears for carbon fiber reinforcement design. Proc. 5th WCMNM (Chicago, USA; September 19th, 2023) pp. 1-5.
[11] Joung C. G., Phan-Thien N., Fan X. J., Viscosity of curved fibers in suspension. J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics 102 (1) (2002) pp. 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-0257(01)00163-X
[12] Strotton M. C., Bodey A. J., Wanelik K., Darrow M. C., Medina E., Hobbs C., Rau C., Bradbury E. J., Optimising complementary soft tissue synchrotron X-ray microtomography for reversibly-stained central nervous system samples. Sci. Rep. 8 (2018) 12017. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-30520-8
[13] Schenk D., Mathis A., Lippuner K., Zysset P., In vivo repeatability of homogenized finite element analysis based on multiple HR-pQCT sections for assessment of distal radius and tibia strength. Bone 141 (2020) 115575. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2020.115575
[14] Aizawa T., Suwa Y., Muraishi S., Real microstructure modeling for stiffness and strength analyses of texture in ores. ISIJ-International 44 (12) (2004) pp. 2086-2092. https://doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.44.2086
[15] Aizawa T., Suwa Y., Meso-porous modeling for theoretical analysis of sinter ores by the phase-field, unit-cell method. ISIJ-International 45 (4) (2005) pp. 587-593. https://doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.45.587
[16] Lomov S. V., Fiber mis-orientation identified via XCT and structure tensor-based image analysis. ESAFORM2023-Webinar (September 20th, 2023).
[17] Hashimoto K., Mechanics of humanoid robot. Advanced Robotics 34 (21-22) (2020) pp. 1390-1397. https://doi.org/10.1080/01691864.2020.1813624
[18] Aizawa T., Miyata T., Endoh K., Two-step PM-procedure for fabrication of super-engineering plastic gears. J. Machines (2024) (in press). https://doi.org/10.3390/machines12030174
[19] Chaubey S. K., Jain B. K., State-of-art review of past research on manufacturing of meso and micro cylindrical gears. Precision Engineering 51 (2018) pp. 702-728. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precisioneng.2017.07.014